Nivlekelvin's Weblog

rpm problem

nivlekelvin — Thu, 10 Jan 2008 09:53:17 +0000

scriptlet failed, exit status 1

using this option to erase
–nopreun

check UDP connection command

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:15:52 +0000

netcat

nc -u host.yourdomain.com XX

nmap -s U -p 53 202.85.128.32

redhat 9 update

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:15:25 +0000

lynx http://apt.freshrpms.net

rescue grub

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:15:06 +0000

boot from linux live cd

chroot /mnt/root <- mount the root partition

grub

root (hdX, Y) <- X device no, Y partition no (start from 0)

setup (hdX)

quit

diaster recovery for linux

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:14:45 +0000

boot from live cd

mount the partition

mv etc etc.ORG

mv sbin sbin.ORG

mv usr usr.ORG

mv var var.ORG

install the linux and keep all the mount point, do not format the partition

after installation

Restore account

cp /etc.ORG/passwd /etc; cp /etc.ORG/group /etc; cp /etc.ORG/shadow /etc; cp /etc.ORG/gshadow /etc

cp -a /etc.ORG/httpd /etc <– any service config file you want to restore

if crontab -e not work

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:14:18 +0000

set this variable in profile file

EDITOR=usr/bin/vi; export EDITOR

the copy of cron file

/var/spool/cron

ARCserve r11.5 for linux installation

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:13:46 +0000

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

./install

cstop

csetup <- server name, domain name, caroot account, create database

cstart

config httpd.conf

start httpd service

Device config

/opt/CA/BrightStorARCserve/config/camediad.cfg

Device info

/dev/rcha*

cat /proc/scsi/scsi

Uninstall product

/opt/CA/BABcmagt/uninstall

Check License

/opt/CA/ca_lic/lic98.log

Restart Service

cstatus <– kill all process

cstop

cstart

Load and unload service

bab -unload servicename

bab -load servicename

vsftpd

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:13:23 +0000

Troubleshooting

500 OOPS: cannot change directory:/home/*****

500 OOPS: child died

1. check iptables

# iptables -L

2. check SElinux

# setsebool -P ftpd_disable_trans 1

# getsebool ftpd_disable_trans

ftpd_disable_trans on <== correct !

# service vsftpd restart

————————————————-

vsftpd.conf

listen=YES

local_enable=YES
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_deny=NO

chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES

anonymous_enable=NO
anon_root=/home/ftp/
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
anon_other_write_enable=NO
anon_upload_enable=NO

write_enable=YES

force_dot_files=YES
dirmessage_enable=YES

xferlog_enable=YES
dual_log_enable=YES

connect_from_port_20=YES

ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES

ftpd_banner=Welcome to the FTP server.

secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd
pam_service_name=vsftpd
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key

———————————————————————————————————————————————————–

chroot_list_enable
If activated, you may provide a list of local users who are placed in a chroot() jail in their home directory upon login. The meaning is slightly different if chroot_local_user is set to YES. In this case, the list becomes a list of users which are NOT to be placed in a chroot() jail. By default, the file containing this list is /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list, but you may override this with the chroot_list_file setting.

Default: NO
chroot_local_user
If set to YES, local users will be (by default) placed in a chroot() jail in their home directory after login. Warning: This option has security implications, especially if the users have upload permission, or shell access. Only enable if you know what you are doing. Note that these security implications are not vsftpd specific. They apply to all FTP daemons which offer to put local users in chroot() jails.

Default: NO

So if you have both set to YES, whatever local user that logs in can view every folder/file on your system. I set chroot_local_user to NO and now it locks the user to their home directory. Other than that thanks for the config file, definitely helped.

temporarily switch off and disable selinux

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:12:54 +0000

SELinux has 3 modes: disabled, permissive, enforcing

termporarily switch off selinux
# echo 0 >/selinux/enforce
# newrole -r sysadm_r
switch back into enforcing mode
# echo 1 >/selinux/enforce
# cat /selinux/enforce
“0″ or “1″ for permissive or enforcing

For REHL or Fedora
Permanently change to permissive or disabled
# vi /etc/selinux/config
change SELINUX=enforcing to SELINUX=permissive
change SELINUX=enforcing to SELINUX=disable

For other linux that don’t have the /etc/selinux/config, just change the grub config to activiate the setting
# vi /boot/grub/grub.conf
##—– permissive
title SE-Linux Test System
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.20-selinux-2003040709 ro root=/dev/hda1 nousb enforcing=0
#initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.20-selinux-2003040709.img

##—– disable
title SE-Linux Test System
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.20-selinux-2003040709 ro root=/dev/hda1 nousb selinux=0
#initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.20-selinux-2003040709.img

if you want to re-enable the SELinux
1. change back the config file
2. after booting into permissive mode run
# fixfiles relabel
(Alternatively in Fedora or RHEL)
# touch /.autorelabel
and reboot or put
# autorelabel

Debian locale

nivlekelvin — Sat, 05 Jan 2008 15:12:30 +0000

只需要在 root 用戶下打# dpkg-reconfigure locales

選擇了需要加入或更新的 locale, 按下 OK 後便會自動產生所需的 locale 在資料夾 /usr/lib/locale/, 之後打以下指令確定已經裝上

# locale -a

假如你想手動加入所需的 locale, 可以自行修改檔案 /etc/locale.gen 後執行指令 locale-gen 便成。